Abstract: With the continuous increasing population in the early Qing Dynasty, production and operating activities in agriculture, industries and commerce are in wide development to meet the need of people, which benefits the mutual promotion of population eco-generation and material production. The boom in agriculture economy is due to population growth and resources over exploitation. While conversely, grains production also accelerates the population growth and resources damages. After the middle period of the Qing Dynasty, people’s life dropped off because of the stagnating grains production and increasing population, driving the economy into a Malthus Crisis to a considerable extent. There are lessons to be learned from such a procedure of its ups and downs, concerning how to control the population growth and how to use our resources properly.

Key words: population growth, the prosperous period of Kangxi and Qianlong reigns, people’s livelihood, grains production, economic growth             [