Abstract: A study based on thirteen-year observation has found that the loving care education of the society has neglected a large number of left-behind children in broad sense and more than 40 million left-behind children in narrow sense commonly acknowledged by academic community. The loving care education for left-behind children was weak in rural primary and secondary schools, especially those boarding schools placed high expectations by national policy, and the current situation of rural left-behind children's education is still worrying. To actively respond to the education problem of left-behind children, the provincial governments should take the initiative, the county governments play the major role, and the township governments act as a key actor. Flexibility should be encouraged in the use of such models as “community codcultivation” “twinning and help”, “tutor reduction”, “family school” and “foster center” to carry out specific work. To solve the education problems of left-behind children, we should be committed to the implementation of integrated education, systematically improve rural ecological environment, prevent the stigmatization of left-behind children, implement the legal protection and legal education system, strengthen the construction of a contingent of rural teachers and build education monitoring system with boarding school as the center.

Key words: rural left-behind children, education problems, boarding school