The participation of social organizations in emergency management is one of the breakthroughs to accelerate the modernization of China’s emergency management system and capacity. Such participation in the government-led emergency management system plays a functional role in assisting scientific decision-making with integrated information, enhancing social resilience through building bridges, and improving emergency efficiency with intellectual support. Furthermore, it serving as an important force, enhances China’s overall capacity in emergency management. At the different stages of major public crisis, the operation mechanism of life cycle offers social emergency response faster the moment the crisis is triggered, makes the social emergency connection closer when the crisis drags on, and renders the social emergency resources more integrated when the crisis is stable. Participation of such sort, this paper concludes, should be enhanced through the construction of institutional path, organizational path and technical path, so as to promote the emergency response of social forces, enhance the information communication between governments and social organizations, and integrate the resources of the whole society, thus offering the guarantee drawn from the participation of social forces for the long-term stability of the country.

The formation of an effective social business model is the key to the survival and development of social enterprises. This paper, based on the case Group B initiated to promote the rapid growth of four social enterprises, discusses the general law that governs enterprise groups’ boosting social enterprises to form an effective social business model under the environment that China’s current relevant law and policy system has not been completed and the social innovation support system has not been perfect. Enterprise groups with rich resource can help start-up social enterprises change their thinking, promote social innovation experiments, link partners, achieve social benefits and enhance the social value of shareholders through operation mode implantation, co-creation of social value, innovative talent attraction and social mission anchoring, thus realizing the rapid growth of social enterprises. This study expands the five-element model of social business innovation proposed by Yunus, interprets three advantages, namely enjoying more sustainability, easier access to large scale, and favor of value co-creation, of enterprises’ supporting the establishment of social enterprises, and summarizes the feasibility of enterprise groups to fulfill their social responsibilities by promoting the growth of social enterprises.

Although the practice of block system is conducive to addressing many spatial disorders caused by gated communities, it has also brought about the dilemma in space security, space management and community identity, hence a potential threat to urban social security. In view of such, how to build the spatial basis of social security has become the key to the sustainable and effective promotion of block system. This paper, based on an observation of the practice of block system in A Street (Shanghai), finds: 1) the spatial layout of public space directly affects the spatial safety of the block; 2) to realize the spatial representation of state power intervention with the Party building mechanism, and to construct the multi-governance structure assisted by political absorption, to realize the integration of block resources and the linkage of block governance, is conducive to forging the block safety force; 3) the development and operation of self-governance projects promote the reconstruction of social relations and public production within the block, boost the construction of block community, thus enhancing the residents’ sense of security. Generally speaking, the practice of block system has jointly constructed the spatial basis of social security through the reorganization of physical space, the reconstruction of governance structure, the reshaping of public value and their interaction, hence a balance between the block development and its security.

“the people’s city” refers to a city that belongs to the people, a city that develops for the people, and a city that relies on the people in urban governance. There has been experience that benefits in the reconstruction of urban waterfront public space, an important carrier of citizens’ public activities and a better life at home and abroad. Its construction, therefore, should follow the concept of “the people’s city”, enhance people’s sense of identity for urban space, meet the diverse space needs of citizens, and strengthen the humanistic concern, public services and space quality of the city. As important urban public spaces in Shanghai, Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek bear people’s yearning for a better city life. The rebuilding the waterfront public space of “One River and One Creek” embodies the distinct concept of “the people’s city”. Shanghai’ experience is instructive for exploring the feasible strategy of integrating the concept into urban waterfront public space reconstruction: stress should be laid on the sharing of space, realizing the diversity of public services, promoting the sustainability of space development and expanding the participation of space governance. The reconstruction of urban waterfront public space provides theoretical inspiration and practical guidance for the reconstruction of urban public space. To be more specific, in order to truly realize people-centered urban development and governance and create a better urban life for the people, we should strive to practice the concept of “the people’s city” in terms of value orientation, policy design and action strategies: in terms of value orientation, we should adhere to the core value, fully mobilize the people’s subjectivity, enthusiasm and creativity, and give full play to the people’s subjective role; in terms of policy design, we should take the people as the center, i.e. to ask their needs, to consult their plans, and draw their wits; in terms of action strategies, priority should be given to enhance people’s participation, interaction and satisfaction.

Digital intelligence has not only brought about profound changes in the operation of modern organizations, but also triggered global governance changes. Under the background of digital intelligence' having been deeply embedded in the primary-level social space, how to understand, grasp and promote the digital transformation has become an important theoretical and practical topic. With the increasingly diversified service management needs and increasingly complex governance situations, the fundamental goal of such transformation is the agile reconstruction of the governance form based on digital intelligent, that is, by improving the perception ability, coordination ability and integration ability of the governance system and by responding to the rapid changes of environment and demand, we can provide more refined services, more favorable environment and safer life for community residents. The essence, we conclude, lies in the co-creation of public value. In this process, the strategic triangle based on “clear objectives-continuous drive-integrated action” is of great significance to promote a benign and stable digital transformation. The long-termed strategy that we are bound to employ is to strengthen the intensification of digital base, the integration of scene construction, the twinning of grass-roots space, the customization of digital transformation and the online-to-offline integration.

The primary level’s sharing the data of government agencies at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels for business collaboration is an important path to modernize the primary-level governance system and capacity. This paper, adopting the perspective of data right confirmation, based on the case of city B (county-level) in China’s west region, analyzes the dilemma of data empowered primary-level governance, and finds that the dilemma is told by the difficulties in data flow and business coordination, and low construction effect. The superficial reason is the weak organizational strength and insufficient overall planning of platform construction, and the fundamental reason the lack of data right confirmation. The key to resolve the dilemma is to make it clear the data belongs to the governments, it is managed by the competent departments, and it can be shared by all departments concerned; on the basis of data right confirmation, organizational guarantee and platform construction should be strengthened, and the accurately sensing needs, science-assisted decision-making, efficient integration of resources and dynamic feedback adjustment should be enhanced so as to modernize the primary-level governance system and ability.

The superiors, in addressing major public emergencies, try to build a digital production system to achieve transparent, precise and refined governance. Digital production system lends impetus for the superiors to stimulate the subordinates’ enthusiasm. However, its inherent dilemma leads to primary-level officials’ blame avoidance behaviors such as representational strategy, institutional strategy, policy strategy and reverse strategy, forming a “low accountability equilibrium”. “Blame avoidance by Data” is the endogenous product of bureaucratic system, the choice of these officials’ facing uncertain risks and high pressure of accountability, as well as the embodiment of bureaucratic rationality. These officials respond to the technical governance requirements by creating digital landscape, formalism and other administrative procedures, reconstruct the power chain, and dispel the intention of the accountable subjects to a certain extent. In the future national governance, we should relocate the administrative standardization and technical orientation, alleviate the excessive expansion of technical rationality so as to build a benign and sound accountability chain, thus creating an institutional environment for primary-level officials who dare to take responsibility.

A complete change of primary-level governance, from a flexible addressing the major concerns to “taking a clear-cut stand” by following the procedures and regulations, on the surface, tells a step towards institutionalization, standardization and civilization. Its deep logic, however, is still a strategic logic that only focuses on technical problems. Such strategism has changed its presentation from the simple and rough flexibility to “invariability”, just a formalistic approach to “take a clear-cut stand”. The reason that lies behind is the unchanged governance structure of shaping strategism, followed by the strengthened accountability resulted from “the inspection extending to the primary-level”. Officials, for avoiding risks and responsibilities, thus have no longer completed the target tasks with flexibility, but dealt with the target tasks through a formalistic approach. To resolve the increasingly serious formalism at the primary-level, incentives for their autonomy should be granted.

The issue of excessive academic burden on students, as it has accompanied the development history of China’s education, is not just concerned with education itself. The first generation of China’s collective leadership, in building a high-quality education system, made arduous and worthy exploration. There was a shift on the roots to explore and the concept to adhere in their addressing the issue. In the early days, though the Party and the state leaders attached great importance to the growth of teenagers, young students enjoyed very serious poor health, a common phenomenon. The reasons, in addition to the heavy academic burden and too many social activities, mainly lied in the lack of nutrition supply and insufficient health care. To cope with it, the high-ranking made an exploration on the system, i.e. “an integration of health into all national policies”, and focused on reducing the academic burden of students. With an embarrassed outcome of “burden reduction”, a conclusion that such a dilemma was attributed to some political factors came out. Such an exploration was back on track around the beginning of China’s reform and opening-up (since 1978). The perspective of education and teaching process left aside, the excessive burden issue, it can be found, was the reflection of the transformation of the main social contradiction in the field of education at that time, that is, the contradiction between the upgrading of activated people’s educational expectations and the insufficient supply of higher-level and higher-quality educational opportunities. It is also a lesson that we should draw when establishing a high-quality education system today.

“double reduction” is the hot issue of recent educational governance, and the policy mainly targets to after-school training institutions. On the premise that the state is still the political representative and shoulders the responsibility for both the country and its citizens, the people need an enabling government to regulate the disordered after-school training market. An effective market thus reconstructed under the guidance of the enabling government focuses on supply side reform, and bear the following principles: first, non-profit nature we should stick to, that is, the new market should never just pursue profit; second, a transformation of education service units from families to schools we should explore, that is, a redistribution of educational resources through purchasing services through schools (bridges) we should carry out, to alleviate the competitive pressure and ensure the high-quality and balanced development of basic education; third, a participation in the supply by classification and stages we should adopt, to change the situation of the existing market’s being dominated by family oriented discipline training, and encourage the transformation of these training institutions towards the later stage of basic education, and vigorously cultivate parent schools, quality education, after-school trusteeship, vocational education and lifelong education. Under the guidance of the government, after-school training will eventually form a market with subdivided fields, subdivided objects, subdivided stages and orderly access, so as to meet the people’s growing demand for high-quality education.

In the embedded relationship between news facts and their communication context, the form of short video news affects the process of presenting objective facts in journalism and the logic of people’s cognition of facts. The micro context of short video news is mainly composed of the dialogue context of text mode, the reproduction context of image mode and the resonance context of sound mode, which reflects a series of new production routines, such as focusing on platform adaptation, sinking content themes, targeting to user reading and listening needs and so on. The micro context constructed by the cooperation between short video news producers and users strengthens the role, besides the factual logic, of presentation logic, and it has an impact on users’ reception experience and fact cognition, and finally promotes the reconstruction of the relationship between news transmission and reception.

Short video platform has become a new frontier and a gathering of viewership to guide public opinion for mainstream media. The same mainstream tone may draw different responses on different short video platforms. This paper, by selecting 698 short videos from “CCTV News” on Bilibili and Kuaishou as the sample data, investigates how the theme type, subtitle usage, screen form, title content and video type impact on the communication effect, scale, recognition and participation of short videos on multi-platforms. Except the subtitle usage, the research shows, the other three factors bear significant impact. The mainstream media, it is suggested, should cast attention to the differences between short video platforms so as to promote the platform differentiation construction of short videos, thereby providing tailored services for netizens.