Abstract: Struggle is the inherent theoretical character and spiritual trait of Marxism. In today’s world confronted with accelerated changes unseen in a century, we need to re-study Engels’ The Condition of the Working Class in England and further understand that the struggle between the working class and the bourgeoisie in capitalist society is a historical necessity; only by uniting and engaging in armed struggle can the working class achieve fundamental liberation. In the new era, although there have been some changes in the mode of labor, the essence of the capitalist system and mode of production has not changed. The working class, therefore, must unite and act in the great spirit of struggle so as to promote their own liberation as well as social progress in the new era.

Key words: profound changes, the working class, self-liberation, struggle spirit