广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 149-167.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6597.2026.01.014

• 经济与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能基础研究对企业创新绩效的影响

张一1, 许庆文1, 柳春2   

  1. 1.西安交通大学 金禾经济研究中心,陕西 西安 710049;
    2.西南财经大学 经济学院,四川 成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-25 出版日期:2026-01-05 发布日期:2026-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 柳春,西南财经大学经济学院助理教授,研究方向:制度经济学和应用微观计量经济学。
  • 作者简介:张一,西安交通大学金禾经济研究中心教授、博士生导师,研究方向:国际经济学和制度经济学;许庆文,西安交通大学金禾经济研究中心博士研究生,研究方向:应用微观计量经济学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能对我国劳动密集型产业出口转型升级的影响研究”(19BJL116)

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Basic Research on Enterprise Innovation Performance

ZHANG Yi1, XU Qing-wen1, LIU Chun2   

  1. 1. Jinhe Center for Economic Research, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
    2. School of Economics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China
  • Received:2025-10-25 Online:2026-01-05 Published:2026-02-26

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摘要： 基于知识溢出理论,构建衡量人工智能(AI)基础研究发展水平的深度学习论文发表数量特色数据库,并结合2007—2019年上市公司数据,考察城市人工智能基础研究水平对当地企业创新绩效的影响,实证结果表明:城市人工智能基础研究的发展对当地企业创新具有显著的正向促进作用,且这种影响随着企业所在行业对人工智能技术采纳程度的提高而越发显著。在采用工具变量法处理内生性以及经过一系列稳健性检验后,上述结论依然成立。机制分析显示,人工智能基础研究通过提高研发效率以及研发资本化程度、优化人力资本结构,从而提升企业的创新水平。异质性分析进一步揭示,在人工智能初创企业数量更多、知识产权保护程度更高以及宽带网络基础设施更完善的城市中,人工智能基础研究的创新促进效应表现得更为显著。此外,人工智能基础研究的加强对国有企业和非国有企业的创新绩效均有显著的促进作用。经济管理部门与企业要高度重视人工智能时代基础研究对企业创新的赋能效应,尤其是以深度学习为代表的人工智能基础研究;要大力推进“产学研”深度融合,加快人工智能基础研究成果的产业化进程,尤其要推动以深度学习为核心的关键技术从理论突破走向实际应用;要关注人工智能基础研究影响的异质性,结合行业、地区与企业特征,因地制宜推进数字化转型与创新发展。

关键词: 人工智能基础研究, 企业创新绩效, 知识溢出, 产学研融合

Abstract: Based on the knowledge spillover theory, this study constructs a unique database measuring the development level of artificial intelligence (AI) basic research with the number of published deep learning papers. Combining data from listed companies between 2007 and 2019, it examines the impact of urban AI basic research levels on local enterprises’ innovation performance. The empirical results show that the development of urban AI basic research significantly promotes local enterprise innovation, and this effect becomes more pronounced as the industry relies more on the adoption of AI technology. The conclusion remains robust after addressing endogeneity with the instrumental variable approach and undergoing a series of robustness tests. Mechanism analysis reveals that AI basic research enhances enterprise innovation by improving R&D efficiency, increasing the degree of R&D capitalization, and optimizing the human capital structure. Heterogeneity analysis further indicates that the innovation-promoting effect is more significant in cities with a larger number of AI startups, stronger intellectual property protection, and better broadband network infrastructure. Additionally, the strengthening of AI basic research significantly boosts innovation performance in both state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises. Economic management departments and enterprises should attach great importance to the empowering effect of basic research in the AI era, particularly AI basic research represented by deep learning. They should vigorously promote the deep integration of industry-university-research, accelerate the industrialization of AI basic research achievements, and particularly advance the transition of key technologies centered on deep learning from theoretical breakthroughs to practical applications. Attention should also be paid to the heterogeneity of AI basic research’s impact, and digital transformation and innovation development should be advanced based on industry, regional, and enterprise characteristics.

Key words: artificial intelligence basic research, enterprise innovation performance, knowledge spillover, industry-university-research integration

中图分类号:  F124.3

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[4] 阳镇, 陈彦霖. 信用城市建设能否促进企业数字技术创新？——基于“国家信用示范城市”的准自然实验[J]. 广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）, 2025, 61(3): 128-145.
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