Abstract: Since the Europe-Asia Sea Route had been opened up, the traditional Maritime Silk Road extended to Western Europe, which brought new energy and contents to the East-West trade and pluralistic cultural exchange. In the communication of business and pluralistic cultural exchange between the East and West from 17th to 18th century, Holland, an emerging capitalist country, played a special and important role, one important aspect of which was that Holland took the Dutch East India Company as a base located in Java, Indonesia, and conducted trade with China, especially Batavia, which played an important part in promoting the multicultural exchange among Holland, Java (Indonesia) and China. The Dutch played important roles in exporting a great amount of Chinese tea and porcelain, forming the Maritime Tea-Porcelain Road, which influenced the social life of the Dutch and the Europeans and introducing China from 17th century to the first half of 18th century; on the other hand, the cultural exchange between Holland and China had its limitation, especially in the field of spirit cultural; as a result, there were lots of differences in the system, culture, language between Holland and China. Although the Dutch had large amount of knowledge of China, the Dutch culture was unfamiliar to China.

Key words: Holland China, Cultural exchange, 17—18 Century