Abstract: As Chinese path to modernization, driven by the informatization and digital edges, strides forward, the replacement of labor force by cutting-edge AI technologies such as ChatGPT has aroused people’s anxiety about technology, thus reconsidering the labor value in the new era. In the process of modern industrialization, people realized their value through labor as a commodity, while technology generated unfettered labor time, labor processes, and labor outcomes by extending labor time, expanding the proportion of surplus labor time, and producing a relatively surplus labor population. As a new stage of industrialization, artificial intelligence, on one hand, provides workers with a great material foundation and free time; on the other, it denies the use of labor as a commodity to prove human value, and poses greater challenges to the sharing of labor results. With the maturity of artificial intelligence, labor as a commodity gradually withdraws and sharing redistribution schemes continue to improve, which may lead to a path dependence of avoiding work, pursuing nihility and consumerism. Even so, human value still comes from labor-this stage of labor needs to achieve diversity, freedom, and otherness on the basis of creativity. China should also develop artificial intelligence through continuous optimization of government investment structure and market clearance, and make the promotion of creative labor a key focus of future governance, thus achieving labor value guided by government governance, relying on the enhancement of individual governance capabilities, and following the pattern of shared governance among the whole people.

Key words: new industrialization, artificial intelligence, technical anxiety, labor value, China’s governance