Abstract: Institution advantages and governance efficiency, while standing on their own to some extent, bear close connection. To be more specific, the former plays a decisive role in shaping the latter, i.e. institution determines policy choice and governance behavior; governance efficiency is achieved through the effective operation of the system and expressed externally by the advantages of the system; institutional advantages enhance governance efficiency, and the latter in turn highlights the former. Governance efficiency, in the context of the new era, has been loaded with systematic Chinese characteristics and era connotation. That is to say, the final goal lies in our more emphasis on the people's sense of gain; the path direction relies on our pursuit of high-quality development; the value purpose falls on more negative social effects. This paper, based on our comparing and analyzing the practice cases of China and foreign countries in fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, tells how China's institutional advantages are better transformed into governance efficiency, that is, the Party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee, and people-centered concept is the mass basis, our practice of bringing together the needed resources to accomplish great tasks is the best presentation.

Key words: institutional advantages, governance efficiency, achievements, the governance of China, structure-function, comparative analysis