Ancient Dongba manuscript was selected on the list of the World Memory Heritage as our national treasure, and the ultimate purpose of our rescuing and preserving is to pass down the ancient Dongba literature and Naxi ethnic social activities constantly and inseparably. However, the particularity of Dongba manuscript contributes to the unavoidable separation between the subject of the collecting and that of the inheriting, both of which belong to the same category of preserving subject, hence causing the obstacles of the entire preservation progress on ancient Dongba manuscript. This paper compares the advantages of each preserving subject by analyzing the constitutions of ancient Dongba manuscript preserving subjects, and explores three integrative modes of preserving subjects on the basis of discussing practical faultiness so as to improve the academic researches and practical works of preserving ancient Dongba manuscript.

The massive collections of ancient books in Yi language in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces are precious cultural heritages. The problems in collection and digital protection of ancient books in Yi language are analyzed by investigating the collection number, preserving condition, restoration work and digital protection status of ancient books in Yi language in Yunnan and Guizhou. Finally, some measures for solving the problems are put forward.

The Dugu was one of clans from the Huns since the Han Dynasty, but in the epitaph of his father Dugu Tongli by Du Guji it was turned into a branch of the Han Dynasty royal. Ancient and modern scholars that hold belief in Du Guji have been using the text as true historic materials while those who are sceptical have found the historical loopholes in the text. In fact, Du Guji got many historical prototypes as reference to rebuild the family lineage, which expressed his ethnic identity and cultural psychology. Nationalism marked as “clan records” which was proposed in Liu Zhiji and Liufang’s work began to revive in the mid-Tang Dynasty. Du Guji as important writer in the Classical Prose Movement reconstructed his family lineage and cultural image in order to avoid the adverse effects brought by the origin of Huns.

Since the tablet inscription in minority areas of Guangxi has the characteristics of faith contract and its content is broad, it plays a important role in promoting social harmony, stability and cultivating ethos and so on objectively in the process of social governance. Moreover, its characteristics of autonomy, democracy and publicity are closely related to its characteristics of faith contracts. The characteristics of faith contract effectively overcome the weakness of only relying on moral and soften the power of the law in social governance, which provide references for modern social administration in other minorities areas in China.

“Political life within the Party” is the core concept in Xi Jinpin’s thoughts on Party building in the new era. This concept has deep roots in the history of Marxism, and it eventually has attained the development and maturity in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Lenin first put forward the concept of “political life within the Party” and distinguished the Bolshevik Party from the Menshevik and other opportunist factions from the basic connotation of the concept of “political life within the Party”. Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai and others applied Lenin’s original concept to Mao Zedong’s thoughts on Party building. The concept of “political life within the Party” was included in Deng Xiaoping’s theory of Party building in the new period of the reform and opening-up and became a regularized concept of Marxism in China. Entering the new era, Xi Jinping, the General Secretary, respectively used the two concepts of “daily political life” and “political life within the Party” and put the political construction in the first place in the new great project of Party building, which clarifies the positioning of the concept of “political life within the Party” in the ideological system of Party building in the whole new era, highlights the characteristics of the Party’s political life and enriches the connotation of the concept of “political life within the Party”.

Xi Jinping’s Thoughts on Party Building in the New Era is a theoretical system composed of a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions with profound thoughts, rich connotations and strict logic, which thoroughly answer two reinforced questions of what the great project is to advance the party building and how to deal with it in the new historical starting point. Xi’s thoughts on Party building are a theoretical achievement gradually formed on the great social reform—Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era. They are also the constitution of Xi Jinping’s Thoughts on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the latest fruit of the theoretical system of Marxism with Chinese Characteristics on Party Building, and the principle and guideline of promoting the new great project of Party building in the New Era.

As a core political term, “the people” has demonstrated rich connotations and profound imprints in different eras in the process of Marxism in China. The concept of the people is an important part of Xi Jinping’s socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It contains profound contents such as theses of regarding the people as the source of strength, the people as the subjects of all causes and maintaining the people’s standpoint. Xi Jinping’s views of the people reflect the innovation of the historical subject theory, epistemology and methodology of Marxism and has important historical values.

The concept of practice, in the process of traveling from the core dimension of “likely historical ontology” of the classical Marxist view of history to underdeveloped Oriental countries, especially in China, which is in a certain condition of national independence and liberation history axis, its intrinsic essence regulation has changed in some degree, that is, turning more toward "epistemology" as the axis of the powerful discourse logic construction. The transformation of the above basic connotation is shaped internally by the special environment in which the theory resides in the spreading process. On the one hand, the Soviet philosophy, as the "supporting background" of the basic construction of Mao Zedong's practical conception, its concept of practice is a sign of transitioning from ontology to epistemology, that is, the establishment of the orthodox status of textbooks. The introduction of Soviet philosophy by early Chinese Marxists, represented by Qu Qiubai, formally initiated the shift of Marxist philosophy (including practical concepts) to epistemology (dialectical materialism) in China. In addition, the epistemological "path dependence" on the historical formation of "knowledge and practice relationship" in Chinese traditional culture has constructed the basic "difference condition" of theoretical communication at another level. On the other hand, the practical theme of the Chinese revolution has directly led to the construction of epistemological logical discourse on practical concepts—how to form a correct understanding (line, principle and policy) of revolution and how to guide the revolutionary practice to achieve success with scientific knowledge.

The practice of the New-democratic Revolution since 1937 fully demonstrates Mao Zedong's practical philosophy. After his systematic conclusion and improvement of philosophical thought in 1937, Mao Zedong not only formed his philosophy of practice, but also had a further understanding and application of Marxism. That was the precondition and foundation for him to form complete theoretical system of the New-democratic Revolution. In Mao Zedong's philosophy of practice, the principle of independence is the important embodiment of national standpoint; seeking truth from facts is the centralized reveal of its objectivity dimension; the mass line is the scientific expression of its subjectivity dimension. Recovering and reproducing Mao’s thinking method and endeavor when facing and solving practical problems are significant to promote the in-depth study, to explore the contemporary value of Mao and to reflect social practice problems from Mao’s perspective.

Rule consciousness is the essential quality of modern citizens. Citizens’ rule consciousness is that citizens are aware of the rule-binding nature of human society and follow the rules. People’s consciousness is generated from their heart and they consider rules as the criteria for actions, which contain rules recognition, willingness to follow rules, rule behavior and sense of rules. In the cultivation of citizens’ rule consciousness, the tendency of subject's will, consequentialism and irrationalization deviate from the logical requirements of citizens’ consciousness, leading to the weakness of citizens’ consciousness. The cultivation of citizens' rule consciousness needs to be based on the ethical principle of obligation theory, which means taking rules as the logical starting point for the cultivation of rule consciousness, taking citizens' violation of rules as opportunity of cultivation, and taking rules as the sufficient and necessary basis for dealing with violations.

The characteristics of citizens have shifted between classical and modern. Citizenship in the classical era means positive self-management and public responsibility, requiring individuals to create civic virtues under the guidance of common good. Modern citizens face the danger of being alienated into a self-enclosed and blindly motivated member of populace. Individuals of populace do not possess the ability of self-determination and joint life that modern society needs, and tends to be fallen into the objects of technological rule. Modern civic education has the danger of cultivating member of populace, and it should shape the public awareness of students in a multi-faceted community.

The civic education quality of teachers is an important factor in the development of civic education in schools. Teachers’ education quality of includes civic knowledge, civic education ability and civic education virtue. Civic education ability includes mainly the abilities of free dialogue, civic teaching design, value guidance and rational evaluation. Civic education virtue includes respect, justice, democracy and making oneself an example. Promoting teachers’ civic education quality can start from the aspects of teachers education, the school and the teachers.

Responsibility is a mission of human beings, but only by taking it appropriately can we accomplish the mission better. The fulfillment and appropriateness of social responsibility addresses great importance to methods. The general view of social background and individual’s role, the combination of ideal and realistic standards, and the consideration of individual and social obligations are the common strategies for individuals in choosing their duty and responsibility. And cultivating and improving citizens’ sense and capability of responsibility is the key to the realization of appropriate responsibility.

Great achievements have been made in the study of Chinese phonology in the 20th century. An important part of the study of academic history is to summarize the characteristics and stages of academic research. By analyzing the developments and achievements of phonology study, this paper summarizes ten characteristics from the 20th century phonology research and divides it into four stages.

Philology in the Qing Dynasty was the peak of ancient Chinese scholarship. Duan Yucai, Wang Niansun and Wang’s son were the most representative scholars in the periods of Emperor Qianlong and Jiaqing. Despite the fact that Duan and Wang were regarded as two related figures in academic field, they had distinctive academic styles and represented different academic schools. Nonetheless, their academic styles are interlinked with modern linguistics. Since the Qian-Jia times, in philology, the academic tradition of ‘viewing the big picture while handling the details’ has been formed. The academic style of ‘pursuing the truth and being practical’, has always been the mainstream of Chinese academia.

On the basis of distinguishing between two kinds of phonetic loan characters of "originally there being such a word" and "originally there being no such a word" in different periods of ancient Chinese, this paper aims to discuss the different situations of phonetic loan characters in the current version of The Analects of Confucius and the bamboo slips version of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Dingzhou.

Lei Ju Ming Yi Chao, a Chinese-Japanese dictionary, is of great value and significance in the supplement of the dictionaries, the correction of phonetic paraphrasing, the communication of inter-word relations, and the supplement of unmarked characters. Some supplements and corrections can be made in Grand Chinese Dictionary on the basis of Lei Ju Ming Yi Chao.

Based on the observation of historical and current status of the teaching grammar of TCSL and its study, this article puts forward the content and method of developing a new outline of teaching grammar. At macro level, it is necessary to have a top-level design, to be carried out by the scientific, normative, systematic and practical plan with full consideration given to the method and perspective of teaching grammar development. The content of current grammar teaching outline needs to be supplemented and improved to be more scientific, normative and systematic. It is our goal that middle-level and high-level grammar teaching is the effective extension and deepening of primary level grammar teaching. To be specific, structure should be emphasized in primary level while semantic should be paid more attention to in middle-level and pragmatics is more important in high-level. And as for the methodology, besides the traditional way of expert intervention, the new developing angle includes the analysis of learners’ need, input teaching language, and learners’ acquisition situation.

The clausal combination occurs along with the grammaticalization regarding "bushi (not be) N/C" from negative judgment to counterfactual conditional. In the construction " bushi N1/C1, jiushi N2/ C2 ","bushi" is reanalyzed as conditional subordinator by "negative words +copula". The reanalysis is triggered by the fact that two differing logic relations employ the same syntactic structure, and by the underlying commonality of the "preceding presupposition" between negative and conditional structures. Specifically, as "bushi" being the subordinator indicating the counterfactual conditions, the semantic of the clauses are dependent on each other, the syntax is not embedded, and the clausal combination occurs so as to facilitate the transition from coordination to subordination. The co-variation between the copula-to-conditional grammaticalization and the clausal combination has undergone dynamic evolutionary processes.