关键词: 生命政治, 视差, 权力, 主体, 资本

Abstract: Traditional biopolitical theory reveals how power disciplines and controls life, yet it faces significant limitations in interpreting contemporary capitalist society: it tends to view power as a monolithic extension and becomes trapped in an “oppression-resistance” binary framework, thereby failing to capture the dialectical contradictions arising from the interplay of multiple forces in biopolitics. In response, the contemporary Western leftist thinker Slavoj Žižek, through his parallax perspective, injects new vitality into biopolitical critique. The concept of “parallax”, a core tool in his philosophical system, is not a simplistic endorsement of multiple perspectives but points fundamentally to an unsymbolizable traumatic core and the inherent split in reality itself. Biopolitical critique from a parallax perspective is not confined to a unidimensional view of power but expands into a three-dimensional analysis encompassing power, the subject, and capital. It reveals the contradictions and splits within reality: how power inherently contains a dimension of violence, why the subject exhibits a contradictory relationship of both alienation from and dependence on power, and how capital subsumes the life process under its logic of domination under the guise of neutrality. This parallax-based interpretation not only delves into the complex operational mechanisms of capitalist biopolitics and exposes how it conceals its structural antagonisms to sustain its own reproduction, but also, by revealing its internal contradictions, excavating the potential for subjective resistance, and deconstructing ideological disguises, provides new theoretical tools and critical pathways for critiquing and resisting capitalism.

Key words: biopolitics, parallax, power, subject, capital